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静态岬湾海滩抛物线模型的优化与应用

Optimization and application of static point bay beach parabolic model

  • 摘要: 抛物线模型在海岸侵蚀防护领域应用广泛,但其系数表达形式多样、参数取值不一,给国内外的工程实践应用带来诸多不便。本研究在总结抛物线模型现存问题的基础上,基于我国沿海地区36个典型静态岬湾海滩数据,重新率定了抛物线模型的系数公式,开发了可快速计算静态岬湾稳定岸线的BayBeach软件,探讨了优化后的抛物线模型在海岸工程领域的多项应用。研究发现抛物线模型公式中3个系数C0C1C2与波浪入射角β关系密切,当β<40π/180 (40°)时,C0C1C2β的变化基本保持不变,之后C0C2随着β的增大快速减小,C1随着β的增大快速增大;本研究优化的抛物线模型系数公式在国内岬湾海岸具有较好的适用性,基于优化后的系数公式计算得到的稳定岸线与卫星影像图实际岸线吻合较好;对于潮差较大的岬湾海滩,在计算其稳定岸线时下游控制点应选择在海滩的高潮线上;开发的BayBeach软件可以通过调整岬头位置实现对阻浪型拦沙堤末端位置的确定。本研究优化后的抛物线模型系数及开发的BayBeach软件可服务于海岸侵蚀防护和海滩养护工程实践,对于准确分析工程建设对砂质海岸的影响有重要意义。

     

    Abstract: The parabolic model is widely used in the field of coastal erosion protection, but its coefficients are expressed in various forms and the values of parameters are different, which bring a lot of inconvenience to the application of engineering practice home and abroad. In this paper, based on the existing problems of the parabolic model, the coefficient formulas of the parabolic model are re-determined based on the data of 36 typical static point bay beaches in China's coastal areas, and the BayBeach software, which can quickly calculate the stable shoreline of the beaches, is developed in many applications to optimize the parabolic model in the field of coastal engineering. It is found that three coefficients C0, C1 and C2 in the parabolic model equation are closely related to the incident wave inclination angle β. When β is <40π/180, the coefficients of C0, C1 and C2 basically remain unchanged with the change of β. After that, the coefficients of C0 and C2 decrease with the increase of β, and the coefficients of C1 increase with the increase of β. The optimized coefficients of the parabolic model in the present study have a better applicability in the domestic headland bays and coasts, and the optimized coefficient formulas of the parabolic model have a better applicability. The stabilized shoreline calculated based on the optimized coefficient formula matches well with the actual shoreline of the satellite image. For the beaches of large tidal range in Cape Bay, the downstream control point should be selected on the high tide line of the beach when calculating the stabilized shoreline. The BayBeach software was developed to enable the determination of the end position of the wave-retardant sand barriers by adjusting the headland position. The optimized parabolic model coefficients and the BayBeach software developed in this paper can be used in coastal erosion protection and beach maintenance engineering practice, which is of great significance for accurately analyzing the impact of engineering construction on sandy coasts.

     

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