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切割固定方法对不同造礁石珊瑚人工繁育效率的影响

Effects of cutting and fixing methods on artificial propagation efficiency of different reef-building corals

  • 摘要: 珊瑚断肢切割固定、培育和移植是修复珊瑚礁生态的主要方式,然而,造礁石珊瑚可利用资源十分有限,制约了珊瑚礁生态修复应用的发展。本研究以指形鹿角珊瑚(Acropora digitifera)、澄黄滨珊瑚(Porites lutea)和丛生盔形珊瑚(Galaxea fascicularis)为研究对象,探究珊瑚断肢切割固定方法,提升珊瑚人工繁育技术水平,旨在不降低珊瑚存活率和生长率条件下提高珊瑚断肢的利用率。本研究使用常用工具对3种造礁石珊瑚进行切割固定,监测其生长状况,统计分析其存活率和水螅体增长率。研究结果表明:指形鹿角珊瑚沿中轴切割后,裸露的骨骼层内部可快速生长出新的组织和水螅体,此切割方法将断肢利用率增加了1倍,具有应用价值;澄黄滨珊瑚切割薄片站立式固定后,裸露的骨骼层内部未能生长出新的组织和水螅体,但新生组织和水螅体可通过切割边缘延伸缓慢覆盖至裸露的骨骼层,站立式固定生长表现不如平铺式固定,在实际应用中不推荐使用;丛生盔形珊瑚切割成单个水螅体后,其周围能快速生长出新的水螅体,此切割方法将断肢利用率增加了数倍,具有较高的应用价值。本研究珊瑚切割固定方法显著提高了指形鹿角珊瑚和丛生盔形珊瑚的资源利用率,有望为珊瑚人工繁育提供技术支持。

     

    Abstract: Cutting, cultivation and transplantation of coral fragments are the primary method for restoring coral reef ecosystems. However, the limited availability of reef-building corals hinders the coral reef ecological restoration. To address this issue, this study focused on three species of reef-building corals, namely Acropora digitifera, Porites lutea and Galaxea fascicularis. The aim was to improve the cutting and fixing methods for these coral fragments to enhance the efficiency of artificial propagation while maintaining their survival and growth rates. Commonly used tools for cutting and fixing were employed for the three coral species. The growth status of the corals was monitored to statistically assess their survival rates and polyp growth rates. The results showed that: Firstly, for Acropora digitifera, cutting along the central axis led to rapid growth of new tissues and polyps on the exposed skeleton layer, doubling the utilization rate. Secondly, for Porites lutea, vertically fixed thin-section fragments exhibited no tissue or polyp regeneration from the exposed skeletal interiors. Instead, new tissues and polyps slowly extended from the cut edges to cover the exposed areas. Thirdly, for Galaxea fascicularis, isolating individual polyps stimulated rapid polyp regeneration around the fragments, increasing utilization efficiency several-fold and showing a high application potential. These findings indicated that the cutting and fixing methods used significantly improved the utilization rates of Acropora digitifera and Galaxea fascicularis, providing a valuable technical support for coral artificial propagation.

     

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