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不同粒径沉积物养护海滩后演化差异性分析—以洞头区蓝色海湾东岙、凸垄底海滩修复工程为例

Differences of post-restoration evolution of beaches maintained with sediments of different particle sizes: a case study of Dong’ao and Tulongdi beach restoration projects in Dongtou district, Wenzhou City

  • 摘要: 不同粒径沉积物养护海滩工程后演化特征具有差异性。本研究以温州市洞头区东岙沙滩修复工程和凸垄底卵石滩修复工程为例,基于工程后多期次岸线、沙滩剖面地形调查数据,分析了海滩岸线、沙滩剖面形态演化过程和相关指标变化。研究发现,修复后沙滩、修复卵石滩的演化特征不同,其岸线以上海滩宽度保留率分别为87.10%、121.35%,海滩总体趋于较稳定状态。卵石滩在横向上表现为卵石向岸运移堆积,在滩肩靠海侧形成卵石堆凸起,滩肩宽度、滩肩高度增加;同时水下滩面侵蚀,滩面坡度变陡。而沙滩在横向上表现为砂质沉积物离岸输移、滩面侵蚀、水下滩面淤积、滩面坡度变缓,演化过程中滩肩宽度减小,滩肩高度略微增加。总体而言,粗粒的卵石滩相对于细粒的沙滩,在类似的海岸形态和海洋动力条件下,海滩剖面平均变化量小;因此采用卵石等粒径较粗的沉积物进行海滩养护修复,可以作为减缓海滩侵蚀的一种有效方法。

     

    Abstract: The post-restoration evolution characteristics of beaches maintained with sediments of different grain sizes exhibit notable disparities. Taking the example of beach restorations at Dong’ao and Tulongdi beaches in Dongtou District, Wenzhou City, this study analyzed the progression of shoreline and profile morphology and the changes in related contrast indexes based on post-project data from multi-phase shoreline and profile surveys. The study revealed distinct evolution characteristics between restored sand beach and restored shingle beach. The shoreline width retention rates of sand beach and shingle beach were 87.10% and 121.35%, respectively, indicating that the beaches were generally in a relatively stable state. The shingle beach demonstrated lateral migration and accretion of shingle towards the shoreline, resulting in the formation of shingle ridges along the seaward beach berm. This process was accompanied by augmented beach shoulder dimensions and a more pronounced incline in the underwater beach face. In contrast, the sandy beach exhibited offshore sediment transport, beach face erosion, subaqueous sediment deposition, and a reduction in beach berm width coupled with a modest elevation in beach berm height during evolutionary phases. Overall, compared with fine-grained sandy beaches, coarse-grained shingle beaches showed comparatively minor mean variations in beach profiles under similar coastal topography and hydrodynamic settings. Therefore, utilizing coarser sediments such as gravel for beach maintenance and restoration can serve as an effective method to alleviate beach erosion.

     

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